| Inventory of Judaica and Hebraica |
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An interesting article about the developement of this inventory appears in the further reading section.
Inventory of Judaica and Hebraica in Oxford Colleges & Museums This inventory has been compiled from the responses received by OJH to a letter written to every affiliated College of the University in 2007. The letter referred to OJH's intention to compile a "web-based inventory of Jewish and Jewish-related artefacts and other relevant objects and materials" held within the University and "relating to any of the three phases of the history of ‘Jewish Oxford', namely:
the period of initial settlement from 1075; the period of expulsion from 1290; and the period of return from 1656 to modern times.
The letter enquired "whether your College holds any items that may be relevant to this history. Such items could include - but may not be limited to - artworks, utensils, seals, books, maps, manuscripts, contracts, journals, correspondence and accounts. We are also interested in any Hebrew inscriptions, whether on or inside buildings, plaques and other objects or documents." The letter invited each College to provide a description (and, if possible, also a photograph) of any such items.
All items listed in this inventory are therefore as described by the Colleges themselves. Almost all are held with the Colleges' own libraries. A response was eventually obtained from every College; those reporting a ‘nil' return are not listed below. Inevitably, some of the respondents interpreted the request more widely than others, with some including items of Hebraica as well as Judaica with no particular significance for the "history of ‘Jewish Oxford'". The volumes of Hebraica held within the wider University, including the central Bodleian Library and various Faculty Libraries are believed to run to several tens of thousands - see this article for further information. OJH intends that the inventory below will be extended and updated as further information becomes available.
The college has a collection of Hebrew books made between 1681 and 1927, from a gift of Dr John Morris. Half went to Christ Church College and half to them. Pp. 63 and 64 of The History of the All Souls College Library by Sir Edmund Craster details this, but does not list the books. One is a 13th C. volume called A Universal Dietetic by Isaac the Jew.
Balliol's Hebrew manuscripts are said to have no relevance for local Jewish history - they came from abroad in the 19th century. However a rare document of conveyance in Hebrew of a land in Gamlingay from Merton College to Balliol was viewed in May 2007. Illustrations taken by M Ward, by kind permission of the Master and Fellows of Balliol College, Oxford
MS 364 parchment Pentateuch (beginning lost), Ruth, Canticles, Ecclesiastes, Lamentations, Esther, and the Haftaroth
Dated A.M.5063 (=A.D. 1303)
Given by the Rev Greville John Chester in 1865
MS 377 parchment roll, the stick having wooden knobs
The Book of Esther
17th or 18th century
Given by the Rev G J Chester
MS 427
One sheet from the Roll of the Law (54 lines)
Obtained in 1865 from a synagogue in Tunis by the Rev G J Chester, who gave it to Balliol
MS 382 parchment, bound in bevelled wood boards covered with brown leather with brass corners and clasps
Old Testament with additions
Dated A.M. 5251 (=A.D.1491) Lisbon
Given by the Rev Richard Prosser in 1804
‘One or two early deeds on deposit in the Bodleian.' Holds the collection of books in Hebrew and related languages given to Christ Church by Morris, Regius Professor of Hebrew. This collection soon to be catalogued.
Series of seven biblical manuscripts in Latin and Hebrew dating from the 13th century and possibly produced in Oxford. (MSS 5-11) Jewish and Christian scribes made these texts to provide tools for non-Jews to learn Hebrew. One technique employed in the manuscripts is the use of superscript translation known as ‘Lincoln Superscript’. MSS5 This is a 13th-century bilingual Latin-Hebrew manuscript, made in England, containing the five books of the Pentateuch. Page from Genesis
Detail of superscript MSS6 This manuscript contains Rashi’s commentary to some of the historical, prophetic and didactic books including sections from Joshua, Samuel, Kings, Ezekiel, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther, Song of Songs, Jeremiah and the minor prophets. MSS7 This manuscript contains parts of the historical books, Joshua, Judges Samuel and Kings. MSS8 Hebrew Latin version of Minor Prophets
MSS9 The manuscript contains two different items, 9a being the first third of 1 Samuel and 9b the entire two books of Chronicles. In item 9a (1 Sam. 1:1–20:16) shown below the Hebrew text was written first, with Latin superscript translation. The Latin Vulgate text has been written in the outer margin, arranged so that it is parallel to the Hebrew in translation.
Details of superscript
MSS10 This is a thirteen-century English Psalter. Psalm i. is shown below.
MSS11 This contains the Hebrew text of proverbs and another Hebrew-Latin Psalter. The picture below also shows Psalm i.
See Corpus’ Hebrew Manuscripts –A Mirror Reflecting the Early History of the Jews in England the copy of the paper about these manuscripts by Dr Pormann
In addition to these manuscripts the collection contains:
Page from the prayer book starting with a blessing to be said after washing hands
List of debtors in Judaeo-Arabic
Images reproduced by permission of the President and Fellows of Corpus Christi College, Oxford and Dr Peter Pormann
The Edersheim collection, which belongs to Exeter College (which keeps the other half of the collection on site) is in the Oriental Institute Library (OIL). It was deposited by Exeter in the Ashmolean Library in 1954, and subsequently handed over to the Oriental Institute Library. The collection was catalogued in 1955 by Sheila Hoenigsberg, on index cards. The Exeter librarian, Ms Juliet Chadwick, is contemplating getting the Edersheim collection catalogued electronically, on OLIS, to antiquarian standard.
The collection held at the OIL comprises c. 500 works (in c. 650 volumes): 19th cent. Judaica, much of it in German, includes c. 55 vols. of bound-together offprints and pamphlets, some early printed Hebraica (some Rabbinica, some biblical texts with commentary) and early Hebrew bibliography (Bartolocci & Wolf). Of particular interest is some early Judaica printed in Oxford.
Passover Plate, painted in black and dark red. Dated 1787. Recorded in Hibbert Journal, Winter, 1965.
Edge of Plate
Detail of central part llustrations shown with the kind permission of Harris Manchester College
Recorded payments in Bursar's Accounts under heading ‘Gifts and Alms' (In Donis et Eleemosynis) to three successive Hebrew teachers - seemingly employed ad hoc - Dr Abendana (1687/88-1703/4), Mr Levy (1704/05- 1707/08), and Mr Gagnier (1709/10- 1739/40) at £2 a year each. The accounts also record a gratuity to Mr Gagnier's widow. (Abendana and Gagnier are to be found in the Jewish Encyclopaedia). See the article about Dr Isaac Abedana in Oxford Jewish Heritage - Modern Period Personalities.
Archival references and dates for these six documents are:
BU AC GEN 3 1683-84 shows a payment being made to an English convert from Judaism
BU AC GEN 3 1686-87 shows the first payment to Dr Abendana for teaching Hebrew
BU AC GEN 5 1704-05 shows the first payment to Levy for teaching Hebrew
BU AC GEN 5 1709-10 shows the first payment to Mr Gagnier for teaching Hebrew
BU AC GEN 5 1715-16 shows a payment to Mr Coligno a converted Jew
BU AC GEN 6 1740-41 shows a payment to Mr Gagnier's widow Illustrations above are copyright of the Principle and Fellows of Jesus College Oxford
Two Hebrew manuscripts
i) 74 Incomplete Passover Haggadah, on vellum, 16 leaves, ‘Sefardic provenance.
ii) 86 First volume of a ‘Hebrew Old Testament', Genesis- II Kings. Some illuminations, on vellum, 212 leaves, Sefardic provenance, 19th century leather binding. First owner, Jonah ha-Kohen; then signed Greville J. Chester, whose note on later vellum fly-leaf says ‘This MS was brought from Algiers in 1865.
Some early Hebrew sacred writings, in the Senior Library.
The seal of Mildegod, on a deed which bears the reference Oxford St. Aldates 34. The deed is transcribed in full in H. E. Salter, "The Cartulary of the Hospital of St. John the Baptist" (3 vols., OHS, 1914-16), vol. II, pages 149-51, with a photo of the seal on vol. III, facing page 434 The Deed The Seal Images are the copyright of the President and Fellows of Magdalen College, Oxford
Apart from reference books and dictionaries, not uncommon, the other two most interesting items are: i) 13th century title deed (star) dated 6 May, 1243. Inherited from the Hospital of St John the Baptist, part of a set of four documents relating to a grant of land at Thornborough in Buckinghamshire, from William de Mortone to the Hospital. It states that Benjamin, Joseph and Vives, sons of Copin, surrender to the Hospital the mortgage they had for a loan of 70 marks from their grandfather Copin, on de Mortone's land at Thornborough. This star is published in M. Burrows (ed.), Collecteana II, (Oxford Historical Society 1890, p. 297) No College reference number given. ii) Hebrew Dictionary printed in Venice c. 1529, gift of John Harding, Regius Professor of Hebrew in the late 16th century.
List of Jewish and Hebrew books in the library. 33pp.
1 - Hebrew starr or acquittance, for an estate at Gamlingay in Cambridgeshire conveyed by William de Leycester to Walter de Merton, 1267/8 (ref. MCR D.1.58)
2 - Hebrew starr or acquittance by Aaron, son of Abram, for an estate conveyed by William de Watville to Walter Merton, c. 1270 (ref. MCR 1099) A paper published in the Journal of Jewish Studies by Dr Peter Pormann in 2004 gives detail about the first starrs and is reproduced, but without the original Hebrew text, by kind permission of the author. Click here to view 3 - Hebrew starr or acquittance by Hagimus, Denikel and Menaser son of Aharon, for estates in Cheddington and Ibstone, Buckinghamshire, conveyed by Stephen Chenduit to Walter de Merton, c. 1270 (ref. MCR 2423)
4 - Hebrew starr relating to estate in Barkby, Leicestershire (1271) MCR 1146
5 - MCR 188, which is dated 28 February 1266/7, and is on behalf of Jacob son of Moses and his wife Hannah for the sale of the house of John Halegod in Oxford to Walter de Merton. The house was on the site of what is now the college gatehouse. The document is in Latin but is subscribed by Jacob in Hebrew at the bottom, confirming the validity of the deed on behalf of himself, his wife and his heirs. The Hebrew inscription is largely obscured by a fold in the parchment at the bottom of the document so can be, quite literally, overlooked.
Hebrew under the fold
Jacobs Seal With thanks to the Warden and Fellows of Merton College, Oxford
6 - Fragment of Torah scroll in Hebrew, eighteenth century (?) (ref. MCR F.1.7A) 7 - Book of Esther in Hebrew, eighteenth century (?) (ref. MCR F.1.7B) 8 - Two Hebrew hymns at the back of ‘Nugae Philologicae or Philological Trifles, 1828: notes on philology made by Thomas Jessop. (ref. JES4) There are also six manuscripts in Hebrew, written in the late 15th or 16th centuries and given to the college by Robert Huntington in 1673. These were almost certainly acquired by him when he was based in Aleppo. Note also a photocopy of an article in the college magazine Postmaster (2002) that refers to two of the Hebrew starrs, (MCR 1099 and 2423) The article is called ‘Thomas Bodley as a Hebraicist'.
i) Hebrew Old Testament (sic) 13th century. At present in Bodleian. (MS Oriel 73) ii) Deed relating to Moyses Hall, 1291-92. States that the tenement once belonged to Lumbard the Jew.
Some published books of Jewish interest, and ‘archive evidence for payments to two Rabbis' for the study of Hebrew in the 17th and 18th centuries. This evidence is referred to in J.R.McGrath, The Queen's College, 1921, vol.ii, pp. 83, 88.
Illustrations by the kind permission of the Provost and Fellows of the Queen's College Oxford
1, 2 & 3: Sel.a.174 Moses ben Nahman. Commentary on the Pentateuch, Naples 1490
4: 73.B.19 David Kimki ben Joseph Book of Roots, 1546 5: Norgi JS Biblia Hebraica, 1742 - 44
6,7 & 8: 78.B.10 Moses ben Nahman. Commentary on the Pentateuch, 1545
9: 77.D.10 Pentateuch Hebraice 1548. 10 & 11: 69.F.8 Talmud Babylonicum integrum 18 vs., 1750 - 65 12 & 13: Maimonidis Mischna Terah, 1702 14: Buxtorf, Johan. Commentarius Masonethieus, 1620
MS 143 & MS 253, item 51. ‘A Descriptive Catalogue of Oriental Manuscripts at St John's College, Oxford,' ed. Emilie Savage-Smith, OUP, 2005, pp.98-106. Hebrew printed books (info. from Geoffrey Neate, head of OLIS) : 458 different works, in 625 physical volumes, incl. multiple copies. Of these, c. 1578 works were published before 1800. Prints: The Library has a small collection of engravings that were produced in the middle of the 18th century for the antiquary and collector Richard Rawlinson (1690-1755) We have a scan of an engraving dated 1743 depicting a silver amulet with Hebrew writing. It is labelled ‘Symbolum Benedictionis apud Judaeos Lamina argentea insculptum penes - Ric. Rawlinson L.L.D. et S.R.S. Ann 1743. pondus 1. Unc. 3. Denar.'
1618, Trinity received a bequest of books from Edward Hyndmer, (Benefactions B1.3 f.9.) which included an octavo volume listed as 'Bellarmini Grammatica Hebraica'.This is no longer to be found. There is an interesting note about payments to Abendana. During the presidency of Ralph Bathurst (President 1664-1704), payments appear in the Computus accounts to the Hebrew scholar Isaac Abendana. He seems to have been paid at the rate of 10 shillings per pupil per term between 1687 and 1695. The highest number of students he had at Trinity was three, in the third quarter of the year 1687-8. Archival Reference: Trinity College Archive, Computus volume 3: Accounts I/1/3. It should be noted that no accounts survive between 1696 and 1719, so his employment by Trinity could have continued through this period.' First Jewish Scholar: ‘Under the reforms of the University Commissions, Trinity's new statutes came into force in 1882, in which year the first Jewish Scholar, Simeon Moses, was elected. He appears in the College Register, reference: Register D, 257'
i) No documents pre-1290; none of their properties involved Jewish transactions. ii) Accounts show regular payments being made to Abendana, Levi and Gagnier for teaching Hebrew. iii) Arthur Lehman Goodhart became a Fellow in 1931 (Professor of Jurisprudence) and then Master, 1951-63. Believed to have been the first American and first Jew to head an Oxford or Cambridge college. Buildings and courtyards in the College are named after him, his wife Cecily, and his sister, Helen Altschul. iv) Arnold Goodman, Master, 1976-86 Portraits of both these men hang in the College.
1) A pair of phylacteries (tefillin)
Accession numbers: 1887.28.1 (arm) and 1887.28.2 (head) Their original museum label says: 'Phylacteries for wearing on the arm and forehead containing verses from the Old Testament on rolls of parchment, Jewish, London, Revd. Dr Adler, 1889'. The four-sided box for the forehead is inscribed with the Hebrew letter 'shin' on one side. (A scholar in 2005, Elliot Sturdy, described the three-line shin as a symbol of the trinity, worn by 'Jewish Christians'. Such trinity amulets, he says, were banned during 900-1200 A.D. but were revived and are made by sects up to the present day.) On the opposite side is a symbol like the shin, but with a fourth line. The leather straps are worn and both objects appear well-used.
Source: Donated 1887 by Adolf Neubauer, previously owned by Hermann Adler. The latter is cited as Delegate Chief Rabbi, 5 Queensborough Terrace, London.
2) Black paper skull cap
Accession number: 1912.48.1 The original description says: 'Worn by Jews during the saying of grace at mealtimes, so that the head may be covered. This one was used at the complimentary dinner to the Hon. Walter Rothschild in November 1912, one being served to each person present.' (Lionel Walter Rothschild? Second baron and zoologist.) It is folded, diameter 95 mm. It is the sort of skullcap with' sides', not just the simple hemisphere. Good condition.
Source: collected and donated by Professor E B Poulton in November, 1912 (i.e. immediately after the dinner.) Poulton was Professor of Zoology from 1893, a distinguished Darwinian, and correspondent and friend of Wallace. It is entirely plausible that he and Rothschild were friends and associates.
3) Amulet, probably a mezuzah. A glass tube, inside which is an inscribed roll of paper/parchment.
Accession number: 1893.81.1 The original display label says: 'Jewish charm for fixing to the door posts of the inner doors of houses. Containing fourteen verses from the Quran (crossed out) Hebrew Scriptures on parchment. English. Deposited by Henry Balfour 1893.' The object is 64mm. long, and kept in a small box. 'Shaddai' is allegedly inscribed on the outside. It is stoppered, but is too fragile for the roll (or scroll) now to be easily extracted and inspected.
Source: Loaned in 1893 (and then bequeathed) by PR curator Henry Balfour.
4) Mezuzah
Accession number: 1893.47.1 Original display label says: 'Mezuzah, a roll of parchment with verses from the Old Testament in a small glass tube for fixing to the inner doors of houses. Jewish. London.' This does not tally with the accession book entry, and with what is written on the object, which say the object came from a door post in Manchester, and is metal - which it appears to be. It is 73 mm. long.
Source: Collected and donated in 1893 by Mr Rogers (O.L.Rogers?) of Mill Street, Osney Island, Oxford.
5) Inscribed lead amulet, and two others on a wooden plaque
Accession numbers: 1917.28.8 and 1917.28.9 Original display label says: 'Jewish amulets for boys to wear for protection against the Evil-eye & other evil influences'. The accession book entry repeats this, calling it '1 of 2 leaden circular amulets stamped with inscriptions. London.' Diameter: 37mm. There is some confusion over this and two amulets nailed to a wooden plaque, probably for display purposes. On the back of this plaque is the translation: 'This child to grow for the Scripture, to marry and engender T R M H A V A [cabbalistic symbols] To save your people Israel from the evil eye and not to let anything foul in their mouth, that they should grow up for your scripture, & you to cover them with your money. Amen.'
Source: Collected by E. Lovett, donated to the Museum by Henry Balfour in 1917
6) Amulet, nut with four shells, mounted in brass, with eye.
Accession number: 1968.13.285 This is a mounted nut, not much bigger than an acorn. It is claimed as English, from London. It was part of a collection of charms (the Elworthy Collection) given to the PR on permanent loan by the Somerset County Museum in 1968. Its catalogue entry in the Elworthy Collection says: 'Worn in London by Russian Jews against the Evil Eye.' This was copied into the PR accession book in 1968.
Source: Collected by E Lovett c. 1890-1905. Also owned by F T Elworthy and then the Somerset County Museum, as above. Acquired 1968
7) Shofars
i) Accession number: 1938.34.73 Very long and curved (rather than almost bent at an angle) tip cut off obliquely, open end cut as jaws, c.f. shark jaws. {Is this a shofar?} Ram's horn. 660mm. long
Source: Purchased from W.O. Webster, 1911, by Henry Balfour, donated 1939
ii) Accession number: 1938.34.72 Incised geometric decoration on inserted rectangle of horn. (Repair?) Ram's horn. 480mm. long
Source: Purchased by Henry Balfour in 1911, donated in 1938
iii) Accession number: 1938.34.71 In imperfect condition. Holes in wall. Ram's horn. 510 mm. long
Source: Purchased from Stevens Auction Rooms, 1936; donated by Henry Balfour, 1938
iv) Accession number: 1938.34.70 No shaping for mouth. Plain. Ram's horn. 378 mm long
Source: Purchased in 1926 by Henry Balfour at Stevens Auction Rooms, from Charles Lund, collector. Donated 1939
Loaned to the Ashmolean Museum for the exhibition' Pilgrimage - the Sacred Journey' 10 January 2006-2 April 2006
v) Accession number: 1938.34.69 Tube constructed to form embouchere. Several holes. Original repairs with red sealing wax, no decorations. Ram's horn 450 mm long
Source: Collected by 'Herschel', either Richard Farrer Herschel or Farrer Herschel. Accession book says it is a synagogue trumpet of 'English Jews.'
Purchased by Henry Balfour at Stevens Auction Rooms, 23 July, 1918. Donated 1939.
vi) Accession number: 1938.34.68 Greyish green, opaque, slight geometric decoration, and a carved figure of a dog(?) near bell end. Some holes originally repaired with black sealing wax. Written on it, 'Shofar English Jews.' Ram's horn 535 mm. long
Source: From Herschel collection on 23 July, 1918, as above. Donated by Balfour in 1939
vii) Accession number: 1888.1.1 Much flattened horn trumpet, drilled through the solid end and slightly opened to form mouthpiece. Other end deeply notched at edges and strongly curved. 'Typical English', from 'London synagogue.' Ram's horn 330 mm long
Source: Collected by Rev. N. Lipman, 53 Great Prescot Street, London. Donated by Hermann Adler in January, 1888.
8) Candle
Accession number: 1932.88.97 Braided pink, green and yellow wax candle. Accession book entry says 'Taper ceremonially burnt on Friday nights by Jews (Jewesses) Bought in Islington Market, London.' It is 240 mm. long, flat and rope like.
Source: Bought by Edward Lovett, and by 1932 presented to Henry Balfour. Donated 1932. Ref. R. Campbell Thompson, 'Semitic Magic' p. 119
9) Charm or amulet
Accession number: 1968.13.90 'Round medal-like charm or amulet, of roughly-cast bronze, worn by Jewish children of Russian immigrants.' Size of a small coin, pierced projection for suspension. Devices engraved on each side, including vines, an axe, and scrolls, and Hebrew words. On one side these say 'This child to grow, to marry and engender,' and on the other, 'To save your people Israel from Evil Eye and not to let any foul in their mouth, that they should grow for your scripture, and you to cover them with mercy. Amen.' Diameter: 34 mm.
Source: Collected by F. T. Elworthy, 1890-1905, presented to Somerset Archaeological Society. On permanent loan from Society.
10) Mezuzah (called 'Amulet for doorpost')
Accession number: 1968.13.286 Metal tube. 152 mm. long
Source: Supposed to be from London. Collected by Edward Lovett c. 1890-1905. Part of the Elworthy Collection of Charms given to the Somerset Archaeological Society; on permanent loan to the PR since July, 1968.
11) Hannukah lamp
Accession number; 1965.9.40 'Brass lamp, row of small spouts fixed in a panel and slotted to a trellis-work upright, which supports the "pilot light".' It is 232 mm. long and 169 mm. high.
Source: Part of the bequest of Miss Estella Canziani, 3 Palace Green, Kensington, London. Received in September, 1965.
A 1931 newspaper cutting is cited: 'In a laundry. Members of the Anthropology Section of the British Association will have the novel experience... of visiting a collection of folklore objects which are housed in what was Queen Anne's laundry in the days when Kensington Palace was a royal residence. They will be the guests of Miss Canziani.. .her interesting collection is mostly of Italian origin. The articles include woodwork, peasant costumes, lamps and jewellery.'
12) Hannukah lamp
Accession number: 1965.9.41 'Brass lamp, row of small spout lamps slotted into an open-work upright. No "pilot light'" . It is 204 mm. long and 181 mm. high.
Source: Canziani Collection, as above; received September, 1965
13) Hanging lamp 'Used in synagogue'
Accession number: 1884.116.86 Metal hanging lamp with 8 long narrow open reservoirs is stellar form around central pillar. Decorated and provided with a loop for hanging. A detachable bowl to be placed beneath for drips and base terminal. In 3 parts, pillar, lamp and base. Brass Length: 375 mm.
Source: Collected prior to 1879, when it was delivered to the South Kensington Museum (the Victoria and Albert) where it was probably displayed between 1879 and 1884. It was in the PR as part of its founding collection, donated by Pitt Rivers himself, in 1884.
It was loaned back to the V &A and displayed 1995-98, as part of a Leverhulme project on the founding collection.
*****
All the above, with the exception of the three metal lamps, are assumed to be English, although there are few specific statements about provenance.
 A two handled tripod cauldron, cast with a Hebrew inscription in relief about its girth, recording that it was presented "as a gift by Joseph, son of the holy Rabbi Yehiel". The latter was a renowned Talmudic scholar who is known to have travelled in 1260 from Paris to Palestine (along with his son Joseph), where he died seven years later. The bowl was for long assumed to have been carried back to England as Crusader booty, but recently a document has been brought to light that records the transfer in 1258 of a property in Colchester from Joseph and another of Yehiel's sons named Benjamin, to a third son named Samuel. Current opinion favours an interpretation that the cauldron, decorated with fleurs-de-lys and probably of French manufacturer, was presented by Joseph to the Jewish community in Colchester before his departure for Palestine. This is currently in the Department of Antiquities. Found in a moat in Norfolk about 1696, it was later acquired by Richard Rawlinson, who bequeathed it to the University in 1755. Upon its arrival at the Bodleian, the bowl was given the shelf-mark MS Rawl. D. 1513, which indicates it was originally classified as a manuscript. AN2009.10 The label in the Ashmolean says: Bodleian Bowl, 1200s, probably France, bronze.
The Bodleian Library is the main research library of the University of Oxford and is one of the oldest libraries in Europe. It is second in size only to the British Library. It is one of six legal deposit libraries for works published in the United Kingdom and whilst it has a continuous history dating back to 1602, its roots date back even further. The Bodleian Winter exhibition 2009 may be of interest see Special Events
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All Souls
Balliol
Christ Church
Corpus Christi
Exeter
Harris Manchester
Jesus
Keble
Lincoln
Magdalen
Mansfield
Merton
plus a Latin deed relating to this same transaction (MCR 2349) 
Hebrew writing at foot of starr 
Oriel
The Queen's College
St John's
Trinity
University
Pitt Rivers Museum
Ashmolean Museum (reopened in November 2009 following a multimillion pound refit)
Bodleian Library
Museum of Oxford